Struct RWops
pub struct RWops<'a> { /* private fields */ }
dep_sdl2
only.Expand description
A structure that provides an abstract interface to stream I/O.
Implementations§
§impl<'a> RWops<'a>
impl<'a> RWops<'a>
pub unsafe fn raw(&self) -> *mut SDL_RWops
pub unsafe fn from_ll<'b>(raw: *mut SDL_RWops) -> RWops<'b> ⓘ
pub fn from_file<P>(path: P, mode: &str) -> Result<RWops<'static>, String> ⓘ
pub fn from_file<P>(path: P, mode: &str) -> Result<RWops<'static>, String> ⓘ
Creates an SDL file stream.
pub fn from_bytes(buf: &'a [u8]) -> Result<RWops<'a>, String> ⓘ
pub fn from_bytes(buf: &'a [u8]) -> Result<RWops<'a>, String> ⓘ
Prepares a read-only memory buffer for use with RWops
.
This method can only fail if the buffer size is zero.
pub fn from_read<T>(
r: &mut T,
buffer: &'a mut Vec<u8>,
) -> Result<RWops<'a>, String> ⓘwhere
T: Read,
pub fn from_read<T>(
r: &mut T,
buffer: &'a mut Vec<u8>,
) -> Result<RWops<'a>, String> ⓘwhere
T: Read,
Reads a Read
object into a buffer and then passes it to RWops.from_bytes
.
The buffer must be provided to this function and must live as long as the
RWops
, but the RWops
does not take ownership of it.
pub fn from_bytes_mut(buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Result<RWops<'a>, String> ⓘ
pub fn from_bytes_mut(buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Result<RWops<'a>, String> ⓘ
Prepares a read-write memory buffer for use with RWops
.
This method can only fail if the buffer size is zero.
pub fn len(&self) -> Option<usize> ⓘ
pub fn len(&self) -> Option<usize> ⓘ
Gets the stream’s total size in bytes.
Returns None
if the stream size can’t be determined
(either because it doesn’t make sense for the stream type, or there was an error).
pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool
Trait Implementations§
§impl<'a> ImageRWops for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> ImageRWops for RWops<'a>
§fn load_typed(&self, _type: &str) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_typed(&self, _type: &str) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_cur(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_ico(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_bmp(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_pnm(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_xpm(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_xcf(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_pcx(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_gif(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_jpg(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_tif(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_png(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_tga(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_lbm(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_xv(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn load_webp(&self) -> Result<Surface<'static>, String> ⓘ
fn is_cur(&self) -> bool
fn is_ico(&self) -> bool
fn is_bmp(&self) -> bool
fn is_pnm(&self) -> bool
fn is_xpm(&self) -> bool
fn is_xcf(&self) -> bool
fn is_pcx(&self) -> bool
fn is_gif(&self) -> bool
fn is_jpg(&self) -> bool
fn is_tif(&self) -> bool
fn is_png(&self) -> bool
fn is_lbm(&self) -> bool
fn is_xv(&self) -> bool
fn is_webp(&self) -> bool
§impl<'a> LoaderRWops<'a> for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> LoaderRWops<'a> for RWops<'a>
§impl<'a> Read for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> Read for RWops<'a>
§fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
1.36.0 · Source§fn read_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
fn read_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
read
, except that it reads into a slice of buffers. Read moreSource§fn is_read_vectored(&self) -> bool
fn is_read_vectored(&self) -> bool
can_vector
)1.0.0 · Source§fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
buf
. Read more1.0.0 · Source§fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
buf
. Read more1.6.0 · Source§fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
buf
. Read moreSource§fn read_buf(&mut self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
fn read_buf(&mut self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
read_buf
)Source§fn read_buf_exact(&mut self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
fn read_buf_exact(&mut self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
read_buf
)cursor
. Read more1.0.0 · Source§fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Selfwhere
Self: Sized,
fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Selfwhere
Self: Sized,
Read
. Read more§impl<'a> Seek for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> Seek for RWops<'a>
§fn seek(&mut self, pos: SeekFrom) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘ
fn seek(&mut self, pos: SeekFrom) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘ
1.55.0 · Source§fn rewind(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
fn rewind(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
Source§fn stream_len(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘ
fn stream_len(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘ
seek_stream_len
)§impl<'a> Write for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> Write for RWops<'a>
§fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error> ⓘ
§fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
Source§fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
can_vector
)1.0.0 · Source§fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
Source§fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error> ⓘ
write_all_vectored
)Auto Trait Implementations§
impl<'a> Freeze for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> RefUnwindSafe for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> !Send for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> !Sync for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> Unpin for RWops<'a>
impl<'a> UnwindSafe for RWops<'a>
Blanket Implementations§
Source§impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
Source§fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T
fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T
Source§impl<T> ByteSized for T
impl<T> ByteSized for T
Source§const BYTE_ALIGN: usize = _
const BYTE_ALIGN: usize = _
Source§fn byte_align(&self) -> usize
fn byte_align(&self) -> usize
Source§fn ptr_size_ratio(&self) -> [usize; 2]
fn ptr_size_ratio(&self) -> [usize; 2]
Source§impl<T, R> Chain<R> for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
impl<T, R> Chain<R> for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
§impl<T> ExecutableCommand for T
impl<T> ExecutableCommand for T
§fn execute(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error> ⓘ
fn execute(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error> ⓘ
Executes the given command directly.
The given command its ANSI escape code will be written and flushed onto Self
.
§Arguments
-
The command that you want to execute directly.
§Example
use std::io;
use crossterm::{ExecutableCommand, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
// will be executed directly
io::stdout()
.execute(Print("sum:\n".to_string()))?
.execute(Print(format!("1 + 1= {} ", 1 + 1)))?;
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// sum:
// 1 + 1 = 2
}
Have a look over at the Command API for more details.
§Notes
- In the case of UNIX and Windows 10, ANSI codes are written to the given ‘writer’.
- In case of Windows versions lower than 10, a direct WinAPI call will be made.
The reason for this is that Windows versions lower than 10 do not support ANSI codes,
and can therefore not be written to the given
writer
. Therefore, there is no difference between execute and queue for those old Windows versions.
Source§impl<T> ExtAny for T
impl<T> ExtAny for T
Source§fn type_hash_with<H: Hasher>(&self, hasher: H) -> u64
fn type_hash_with<H: Hasher>(&self, hasher: H) -> u64
TypeId
of Self
using a custom hasher.Source§fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Anywhere
Self: Sized,
fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Anywhere
Self: Sized,
Source§impl<T> ExtMem for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
impl<T> ExtMem for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
Source§const NEEDS_DROP: bool = _
const NEEDS_DROP: bool = _
Source§fn mem_align_of<T>() -> usize
fn mem_align_of<T>() -> usize
Source§fn mem_align_of_val(&self) -> usize
fn mem_align_of_val(&self) -> usize
Source§fn mem_size_of<T>() -> usize
fn mem_size_of<T>() -> usize
Source§fn mem_size_of_val(&self) -> usize
fn mem_size_of_val(&self) -> usize
Source§fn mem_needs_drop(&self) -> bool
fn mem_needs_drop(&self) -> bool
true
if dropping values of this type matters. Read moreSource§fn mem_forget(self)where
Self: Sized,
fn mem_forget(self)where
Self: Sized,
self
without running its destructor. Read moreSource§fn mem_replace(&mut self, other: Self) -> Selfwhere
Self: Sized,
fn mem_replace(&mut self, other: Self) -> Selfwhere
Self: Sized,
Source§unsafe fn mem_zeroed<T>() -> T
unsafe fn mem_zeroed<T>() -> T
unsafe_layout
only.T
represented by the all-zero byte-pattern. Read moreSource§unsafe fn mem_transmute_copy<Src, Dst>(src: &Src) -> Dst
unsafe fn mem_transmute_copy<Src, Dst>(src: &Src) -> Dst
unsafe_layout
only.T
represented by the all-zero byte-pattern. Read moreSource§fn mem_as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] ⓘ
fn mem_as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] ⓘ
unsafe_slice
only.§impl<S> FromSample<S> for S
impl<S> FromSample<S> for S
fn from_sample_(s: S) -> S
Source§impl<T> Hook for T
impl<T> Hook for T
§impl<T> Instrument for T
impl<T> Instrument for T
§fn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self> ⓘ
fn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self> ⓘ
§fn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self> ⓘ
fn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self> ⓘ
Source§impl<T> IntoEither for T
impl<T> IntoEither for T
Source§fn into_either(self, into_left: bool) -> Either<Self, Self> ⓘ
fn into_either(self, into_left: bool) -> Either<Self, Self> ⓘ
self
into a Left
variant of Either<Self, Self>
if into_left
is true
.
Converts self
into a Right
variant of Either<Self, Self>
otherwise. Read moreSource§fn into_either_with<F>(self, into_left: F) -> Either<Self, Self> ⓘ
fn into_either_with<F>(self, into_left: F) -> Either<Self, Self> ⓘ
self
into a Left
variant of Either<Self, Self>
if into_left(&self)
returns true
.
Converts self
into a Right
variant of Either<Self, Self>
otherwise. Read more§impl<F, T> IntoSample<T> for Fwhere
T: FromSample<F>,
impl<F, T> IntoSample<T> for Fwhere
T: FromSample<F>,
fn into_sample(self) -> T
§impl<T> Pointable for T
impl<T> Pointable for T
§impl<T> QueueableCommand for T
impl<T> QueueableCommand for T
§fn queue(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error> ⓘ
fn queue(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error> ⓘ
Queues the given command for further execution.
Queued commands will be executed in the following cases:
- When
flush
is called manually on the given type implementingio::Write
. - The terminal will
flush
automatically if the buffer is full. - Each line is flushed in case of
stdout
, because it is line buffered.
§Arguments
-
The command that you want to queue for later execution.
§Examples
use std::io::{self, Write};
use crossterm::{QueueableCommand, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
let mut stdout = io::stdout();
// `Print` will executed executed when `flush` is called.
stdout
.queue(Print("foo 1\n".to_string()))?
.queue(Print("foo 2".to_string()))?;
// some other code (no execution happening here) ...
// when calling `flush` on `stdout`, all commands will be written to the stdout and therefore executed.
stdout.flush()?;
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// foo 1
// foo 2
}
Have a look over at the Command API for more details.
§Notes
- In the case of UNIX and Windows 10, ANSI codes are written to the given ‘writer’.
- In case of Windows versions lower than 10, a direct WinAPI call will be made.
The reason for this is that Windows versions lower than 10 do not support ANSI codes,
and can therefore not be written to the given
writer
. Therefore, there is no difference between execute and queue for those old Windows versions.
§impl<R> ReadBytesExt for R
impl<R> ReadBytesExt for R
§fn read_u8(&mut self) -> Result<u8, Error> ⓘ
fn read_u8(&mut self) -> Result<u8, Error> ⓘ
§fn read_i8(&mut self) -> Result<i8, Error> ⓘ
fn read_i8(&mut self) -> Result<i8, Error> ⓘ
§fn read_u16<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u16, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u16<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u16, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_i16<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i16, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i16<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i16, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_u24<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u32, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u24<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u32, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_i24<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i32, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i24<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i32, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_u32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u32, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u32, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_i32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i32, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i32<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i32, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_u48<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u48<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_i48<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i48<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_u64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_i64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i64<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_u128<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u128, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_u128<T>(&mut self) -> Result<u128, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_i128<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i128, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_i128<T>(&mut self) -> Result<i128, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_uint<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_uint<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<u64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_int<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<i64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_int<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<i64, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_uint128<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<u128, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_uint128<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<u128, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§fn read_int128<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<i128, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
fn read_int128<T>(&mut self, nbytes: usize) -> Result<i128, Error> ⓘwhere
T: ByteOrder,
§impl<W> SynchronizedUpdate for W
impl<W> SynchronizedUpdate for W
§fn sync_update<T>(
&mut self,
operations: impl FnOnce(&mut W) -> T,
) -> Result<T, Error> ⓘ
fn sync_update<T>( &mut self, operations: impl FnOnce(&mut W) -> T, ) -> Result<T, Error> ⓘ
Performs a set of actions within a synchronous update.
Updates will be suspended in the terminal, the function will be executed against self, updates will be resumed, and a flush will be performed.
§Arguments
-
Function
A function that performs the operations that must execute in a synchronized update.
§Examples
use std::io;
use crossterm::{ExecutableCommand, SynchronizedUpdate, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
let mut stdout = io::stdout();
stdout.sync_update(|stdout| {
stdout.execute(Print("foo 1\n".to_string()))?;
stdout.execute(Print("foo 2".to_string()))?;
// The effects of the print command will not be present in the terminal
// buffer, but not visible in the terminal.
std::io::Result::Ok(())
})?;
// The effects of the commands will be visible.
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// foo 1
// foo 2
}
§Notes
This command is performed only using ANSI codes, and will do nothing on terminals that do not support ANSI codes, or this specific extension.
When rendering the screen of the terminal, the Emulator usually iterates through each visible grid cell and renders its current state. With applications updating the screen a at higher frequency this can cause tearing.
This mode attempts to mitigate that.
When the synchronization mode is enabled following render calls will keep rendering the last rendered state. The terminal Emulator keeps processing incoming text and sequences. When the synchronized update mode is disabled again the renderer may fetch the latest screen buffer state again, effectively avoiding the tearing effect by unintentionally rendering in the middle a of an application screen update.