pub struct BorrowedCursor<'a> { /* private fields */ }
core_io_borrowed_buf
)Expand description
A writeable view of the unfilled portion of a BorrowedBuf
.
The unfilled portion consists of an initialized and an uninitialized part; see BorrowedBuf
for details.
Data can be written directly to the cursor by using append
or
indirectly by getting a slice of part or all of the cursor and writing into the slice. In the
indirect case, the caller must call advance
after writing to inform
the cursor how many bytes have been written.
Once data is written to the cursor, it becomes part of the filled portion of the underlying
BorrowedBuf
and can no longer be accessed or re-written by the cursor. I.e., the cursor tracks
the unfilled part of the underlying BorrowedBuf
.
The lifetime 'a
is a bound on the lifetime of the underlying buffer (which means it is a bound
on the data in that buffer by transitivity).
Implementationsยง
Sourceยงimpl<'a> BorrowedCursor<'a>
impl<'a> BorrowedCursor<'a>
Sourcepub fn reborrow<'this>(&'this mut self) -> BorrowedCursor<'this> โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub fn reborrow<'this>(&'this mut self) -> BorrowedCursor<'this> โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Reborrows this cursor by cloning it with a smaller lifetime.
Since a cursor maintains unique access to its underlying buffer, the borrowed cursor is not accessible while the new cursor exists.
Sourcepub fn capacity(&self) -> usize โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub fn capacity(&self) -> usize โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Returns the available space in the cursor.
Sourcepub fn written(&self) -> usize โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub fn written(&self) -> usize โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Returns the number of bytes written to this cursor since it was created from a BorrowedBuf
.
Note that if this cursor is a reborrowed clone of another, then the count returned is the count written via either cursor, not the count since the cursor was reborrowed.
Sourcepub fn init_ref(&self) -> &[u8] โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub fn init_ref(&self) -> &[u8] โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Returns a shared reference to the initialized portion of the cursor.
Sourcepub fn init_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub fn init_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Returns a mutable reference to the initialized portion of the cursor.
Sourcepub fn uninit_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [MaybeUninit<u8>] โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub fn uninit_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [MaybeUninit<u8>] โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Returns a mutable reference to the uninitialized part of the cursor.
It is safe to uninitialize any of these bytes.
Sourcepub unsafe fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [MaybeUninit<u8>] โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub unsafe fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [MaybeUninit<u8>] โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Returns a mutable reference to the whole cursor.
ยงSafety
The caller must not uninitialize any bytes in the initialized portion of the cursor.
Sourcepub fn advance(&mut self, n: usize) -> &mut BorrowedCursor<'a> โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub fn advance(&mut self, n: usize) -> &mut BorrowedCursor<'a> โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Advances the cursor by asserting that n
bytes have been filled.
After advancing, the n
bytes are no longer accessible via the cursor and can only be
accessed via the underlying buffer. I.e., the bufferโs filled portion grows by n
elements
and its unfilled portion (and the capacity of this cursor) shrinks by n
elements.
If less than n
bytes initialized (by the cursorโs point of view), set_init
should be
called first.
ยงPanics
Panics if there are less than n
bytes initialized.
Sourcepub unsafe fn advance_unchecked(&mut self, n: usize) -> &mut BorrowedCursor<'a> โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub unsafe fn advance_unchecked(&mut self, n: usize) -> &mut BorrowedCursor<'a> โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Advances the cursor by asserting that n
bytes have been filled.
After advancing, the n
bytes are no longer accessible via the cursor and can only be
accessed via the underlying buffer. I.e., the bufferโs filled portion grows by n
elements
and its unfilled portion (and the capacity of this cursor) shrinks by n
elements.
ยงSafety
The caller must ensure that the first n
bytes of the cursor have been properly
initialised.
Sourcepub fn ensure_init(&mut self) -> &mut BorrowedCursor<'a> โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub fn ensure_init(&mut self) -> &mut BorrowedCursor<'a> โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Initializes all bytes in the cursor.
Sourcepub unsafe fn set_init(&mut self, n: usize) -> &mut BorrowedCursor<'a> โ
๐ฌThis is a nightly-only experimental API. (core_io_borrowed_buf
)Available on crate feature std
only.
pub unsafe fn set_init(&mut self, n: usize) -> &mut BorrowedCursor<'a> โ
core_io_borrowed_buf
)std
only.Asserts that the first n
unfilled bytes of the cursor are initialized.
BorrowedBuf
assumes that bytes are never de-initialized, so this method does nothing when
called with fewer bytes than are already known to be initialized.
ยงSafety
The caller must ensure that the first n
bytes of the buffer have already been initialized.
Trait Implementationsยง
Sourceยงimpl<'a> Debug for BorrowedCursor<'a>
impl<'a> Debug for BorrowedCursor<'a>
Sourceยงimpl<'a> Write for BorrowedCursor<'a>
impl<'a> Write for BorrowedCursor<'a>
Sourceยงfn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error> โ
fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error> โ
Sourceยงfn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> โ
fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> โ
Sourceยงfn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool
can_vector
)1.0.0 ยท Sourceยงfn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> โ
fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> โ
Sourceยงfn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error> โ
fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error> โ
write_all_vectored
)Auto Trait Implementationsยง
impl<'a> Freeze for BorrowedCursor<'a>
impl<'a> RefUnwindSafe for BorrowedCursor<'a>
impl<'a> Send for BorrowedCursor<'a>
impl<'a> Sync for BorrowedCursor<'a>
impl<'a> Unpin for BorrowedCursor<'a>
impl<'a> !UnwindSafe for BorrowedCursor<'a>
Blanket Implementationsยง
ยงimpl<T> ArchivePointee for T
impl<T> ArchivePointee for T
ยงtype ArchivedMetadata = ()
type ArchivedMetadata = ()
ยงfn pointer_metadata(
_: &<T as ArchivePointee>::ArchivedMetadata,
) -> <T as Pointee>::Metadata
fn pointer_metadata( _: &<T as ArchivePointee>::ArchivedMetadata, ) -> <T as Pointee>::Metadata
Sourceยงimpl<T> BorrowMut<T> for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
Sourceยงfn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T
fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T
Sourceยงimpl<T> ByteSized for T
impl<T> ByteSized for T
Sourceยงconst BYTE_ALIGN: usize = _
const BYTE_ALIGN: usize = _
Sourceยงfn byte_align(&self) -> usize โ
fn byte_align(&self) -> usize โ
Sourceยงfn ptr_size_ratio(&self) -> [usize; 2]
fn ptr_size_ratio(&self) -> [usize; 2]
Sourceยงimpl<T, R> Chain<R> for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
impl<T, R> Chain<R> for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
ยงimpl<T> ExecutableCommand for T
impl<T> ExecutableCommand for T
ยงfn execute(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error> โ
fn execute(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error> โ
Executes the given command directly.
The given command its ANSI escape code will be written and flushed onto Self
.
ยงArguments
-
The command that you want to execute directly.
ยงExample
use std::io;
use crossterm::{ExecutableCommand, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
// will be executed directly
io::stdout()
.execute(Print("sum:\n".to_string()))?
.execute(Print(format!("1 + 1= {} ", 1 + 1)))?;
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// sum:
// 1 + 1 = 2
}
Have a look over at the Command API for more details.
ยงNotes
- In the case of UNIX and Windows 10, ANSI codes are written to the given โwriterโ.
- In case of Windows versions lower than 10, a direct WinAPI call will be made.
The reason for this is that Windows versions lower than 10 do not support ANSI codes,
and can therefore not be written to the given
writer
. Therefore, there is no difference between execute and queue for those old Windows versions.
Sourceยงimpl<T> ExtAny for T
impl<T> ExtAny for T
Sourceยงfn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Anywhere
Self: Sized,
fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Anywhere
Self: Sized,
Sourceยงimpl<T> ExtMem for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
impl<T> ExtMem for Twhere
T: ?Sized,
Sourceยงconst NEEDS_DROP: bool = _
const NEEDS_DROP: bool = _
Sourceยงfn mem_align_of<T>() -> usize โ
fn mem_align_of<T>() -> usize โ
Sourceยงfn mem_align_of_val(&self) -> usize โ
fn mem_align_of_val(&self) -> usize โ
Sourceยงfn mem_size_of_val(&self) -> usize โ
fn mem_size_of_val(&self) -> usize โ
Sourceยงfn mem_needs_drop(&self) -> bool
fn mem_needs_drop(&self) -> bool
true
if dropping values of this type matters. Read moreSourceยงfn mem_forget(self)where
Self: Sized,
fn mem_forget(self)where
Self: Sized,
self
without running its destructor. Read moreSourceยงfn mem_replace(&mut self, other: Self) -> Selfwhere
Self: Sized,
fn mem_replace(&mut self, other: Self) -> Selfwhere
Self: Sized,
Sourceยงunsafe fn mem_zeroed<T>() -> T
unsafe fn mem_zeroed<T>() -> T
unsafe_layout
only.T
represented by the all-zero byte-pattern. Read moreSourceยงunsafe fn mem_transmute_copy<Src, Dst>(src: &Src) -> Dst
unsafe fn mem_transmute_copy<Src, Dst>(src: &Src) -> Dst
unsafe_layout
only.T
represented by the all-zero byte-pattern. Read moreSourceยงfn mem_as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] โ
fn mem_as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] โ
unsafe_slice
only.ยงimpl<S> FromSample<S> for S
impl<S> FromSample<S> for S
fn from_sample_(s: S) -> S
Sourceยงimpl<T> Hook for T
impl<T> Hook for T
ยงimpl<T> Instrument for T
impl<T> Instrument for T
ยงfn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self> โ
fn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self> โ
ยงfn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self> โ
fn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self> โ
Sourceยงimpl<T> IntoEither for T
impl<T> IntoEither for T
Sourceยงfn into_either(self, into_left: bool) -> Either<Self, Self> โ
fn into_either(self, into_left: bool) -> Either<Self, Self> โ
self
into a Left
variant of Either<Self, Self>
if into_left
is true
.
Converts self
into a Right
variant of Either<Self, Self>
otherwise. Read moreSourceยงfn into_either_with<F>(self, into_left: F) -> Either<Self, Self> โ
fn into_either_with<F>(self, into_left: F) -> Either<Self, Self> โ
self
into a Left
variant of Either<Self, Self>
if into_left(&self)
returns true
.
Converts self
into a Right
variant of Either<Self, Self>
otherwise. Read moreยงimpl<F, T> IntoSample<T> for Fwhere
T: FromSample<F>,
impl<F, T> IntoSample<T> for Fwhere
T: FromSample<F>,
fn into_sample(self) -> T
ยงimpl<T> LayoutRaw for T
impl<T> LayoutRaw for T
ยงfn layout_raw(_: <T as Pointee>::Metadata) -> Result<Layout, LayoutError> โ
fn layout_raw(_: <T as Pointee>::Metadata) -> Result<Layout, LayoutError> โ
ยงimpl<T, N1, N2> Niching<NichedOption<T, N1>> for N2
impl<T, N1, N2> Niching<NichedOption<T, N1>> for N2
ยงunsafe fn is_niched(niched: *const NichedOption<T, N1>) -> bool
unsafe fn is_niched(niched: *const NichedOption<T, N1>) -> bool
ยงfn resolve_niched(out: Place<NichedOption<T, N1>>)
fn resolve_niched(out: Place<NichedOption<T, N1>>)
out
indicating that a T
is niched.ยงimpl<T> Pointable for T
impl<T> Pointable for T
ยงimpl<T> QueueableCommand for T
impl<T> QueueableCommand for T
ยงfn queue(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error> โ
fn queue(&mut self, command: impl Command) -> Result<&mut T, Error> โ
Queues the given command for further execution.
Queued commands will be executed in the following cases:
- When
flush
is called manually on the given type implementingio::Write
. - The terminal will
flush
automatically if the buffer is full. - Each line is flushed in case of
stdout
, because it is line buffered.
ยงArguments
-
The command that you want to queue for later execution.
ยงExamples
use std::io::{self, Write};
use crossterm::{QueueableCommand, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
let mut stdout = io::stdout();
// `Print` will executed executed when `flush` is called.
stdout
.queue(Print("foo 1\n".to_string()))?
.queue(Print("foo 2".to_string()))?;
// some other code (no execution happening here) ...
// when calling `flush` on `stdout`, all commands will be written to the stdout and therefore executed.
stdout.flush()?;
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// foo 1
// foo 2
}
Have a look over at the Command API for more details.
ยงNotes
- In the case of UNIX and Windows 10, ANSI codes are written to the given โwriterโ.
- In case of Windows versions lower than 10, a direct WinAPI call will be made.
The reason for this is that Windows versions lower than 10 do not support ANSI codes,
and can therefore not be written to the given
writer
. Therefore, there is no difference between execute and queue for those old Windows versions.
ยงimpl<W> SynchronizedUpdate for W
impl<W> SynchronizedUpdate for W
ยงfn sync_update<T>(
&mut self,
operations: impl FnOnce(&mut W) -> T,
) -> Result<T, Error> โ
fn sync_update<T>( &mut self, operations: impl FnOnce(&mut W) -> T, ) -> Result<T, Error> โ
Performs a set of actions within a synchronous update.
Updates will be suspended in the terminal, the function will be executed against self, updates will be resumed, and a flush will be performed.
ยงArguments
-
Function
A function that performs the operations that must execute in a synchronized update.
ยงExamples
use std::io;
use crossterm::{ExecutableCommand, SynchronizedUpdate, style::Print};
fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
let mut stdout = io::stdout();
stdout.sync_update(|stdout| {
stdout.execute(Print("foo 1\n".to_string()))?;
stdout.execute(Print("foo 2".to_string()))?;
// The effects of the print command will not be present in the terminal
// buffer, but not visible in the terminal.
std::io::Result::Ok(())
})?;
// The effects of the commands will be visible.
Ok(())
// ==== Output ====
// foo 1
// foo 2
}
ยงNotes
This command is performed only using ANSI codes, and will do nothing on terminals that do not support ANSI codes, or this specific extension.
When rendering the screen of the terminal, the Emulator usually iterates through each visible grid cell and renders its current state. With applications updating the screen a at higher frequency this can cause tearing.
This mode attempts to mitigate that.
When the synchronization mode is enabled following render calls will keep rendering the last rendered state. The terminal Emulator keeps processing incoming text and sequences. When the synchronized update mode is disabled again the renderer may fetch the latest screen buffer state again, effectively avoiding the tearing effect by unintentionally rendering in the middle a of an application screen update.