Struct UnixStream

pub struct UnixStream(/* private fields */);

Available on crate feature std and Unix only.

A Unix stream socket.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
use std::io::prelude::*;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let mut stream = UnixStream::connect("/path/to/my/socket")?;
    stream.write_all(b"hello world")?;
    let mut response = String::new();
    stream.read_to_string(&mut response)?;
    println!("{response}");
    Ok(())
}

Implementations

impl UnixStream

pub fn connect<P>(path: P) -> Result<UnixStream, Error>

where P: AsRef<Path>,

Connects to the socket named by path.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

let socket = match UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock") {
    Ok(sock) => sock,
    Err(e) => {
        println!("Couldn't connect: {e:?}");
        return
    }
};

pub fn connect_addr(socket_addr: &SocketAddr) -> Result<UnixStream, Error>

Connects to the socket specified by address.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::{UnixListener, UnixStream};

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let listener = UnixListener::bind("/path/to/the/socket")?;
    let addr = listener.local_addr()?;

    let sock = match UnixStream::connect_addr(&addr) {
        Ok(sock) => sock,
        Err(e) => {
            println!("Couldn't connect: {e:?}");
            return Err(e)
        }
    };
    Ok(())
}

pub fn pair() -> Result<(UnixStream, UnixStream), Error>

Creates an unnamed pair of connected sockets.

Returns two UnixStreams which are connected to each other.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

let (sock1, sock2) = match UnixStream::pair() {
    Ok((sock1, sock2)) => (sock1, sock2),
    Err(e) => {
        println!("Couldn't create a pair of sockets: {e:?}");
        return
    }
};

pub fn try_clone(&self) -> Result<UnixStream, Error>

Creates a new independently owned handle to the underlying socket.

The returned UnixStream is a reference to the same stream that this object references. Both handles will read and write the same stream of data, and options set on one stream will be propagated to the other stream.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    let sock_copy = socket.try_clone().expect("Couldn't clone socket");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn local_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr, Error>

Returns the socket address of the local half of this connection.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    let addr = socket.local_addr().expect("Couldn't get local address");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr, Error>

Returns the socket address of the remote half of this connection.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    let addr = socket.peer_addr().expect("Couldn't get peer address");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn peer_cred(&self) -> Result<UCred, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (peer_credentials_unix_socket)

Gets the peer credentials for this Unix domain socket.

Examples

#![feature(peer_credentials_unix_socket)]
use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    let peer_cred = socket.peer_cred().expect("Couldn't get peer credentials");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn set_read_timeout(&self, timeout: Option<Duration>) -> Result<(), Error>

Sets the read timeout for the socket.

If the provided value is None, then read calls will block indefinitely. An Err is returned if the zero Duration is passed to this method.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    socket.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::new(1, 0))).expect("Couldn't set read timeout");
    Ok(())
}

An Err is returned if the zero Duration is passed to this method:

use std::io;
use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    let result = socket.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::new(0, 0)));
    let err = result.unwrap_err();
    assert_eq!(err.kind(), io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput);
    Ok(())
}

pub fn set_write_timeout(&self, timeout: Option<Duration>) -> Result<(), Error>

Sets the write timeout for the socket.

If the provided value is None, then write calls will block indefinitely. An Err is returned if the zero Duration is passed to this method.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    socket.set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::new(1, 0)))
        .expect("Couldn't set write timeout");
    Ok(())
}

An Err is returned if the zero Duration is passed to this method:

use std::io;
use std::net::UdpSocket;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UdpSocket::bind("127.0.0.1:34254")?;
    let result = socket.set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::new(0, 0)));
    let err = result.unwrap_err();
    assert_eq!(err.kind(), io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput);
    Ok(())
}

pub fn read_timeout(&self) -> Result<Option<Duration>, Error>

Returns the read timeout of this socket.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    socket.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::new(1, 0))).expect("Couldn't set read timeout");
    assert_eq!(socket.read_timeout()?, Some(Duration::new(1, 0)));
    Ok(())
}

pub fn write_timeout(&self) -> Result<Option<Duration>, Error>

Returns the write timeout of this socket.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    socket.set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::new(1, 0)))
        .expect("Couldn't set write timeout");
    assert_eq!(socket.write_timeout()?, Some(Duration::new(1, 0)));
    Ok(())
}

pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, nonblocking: bool) -> Result<(), Error>

Moves the socket into or out of nonblocking mode.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    socket.set_nonblocking(true).expect("Couldn't set nonblocking");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn set_mark(&self, mark: u32) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_set_mark)

Set the id of the socket for network filtering purpose

#![feature(unix_set_mark)]
use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    sock.set_mark(32)?;
    Ok(())
}

pub fn take_error(&self) -> Result<Option<Error>, Error>

Returns the value of the SO_ERROR option.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    if let Ok(Some(err)) = socket.take_error() {
        println!("Got error: {err:?}");
    }
    Ok(())
}

Platform specific

On Redox this always returns None.

pub fn shutdown(&self, how: Shutdown) -> Result<(), Error>

Shuts down the read, write, or both halves of this connection.

This function will cause all pending and future I/O calls on the specified portions to immediately return with an appropriate value (see the documentation of Shutdown).

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
use std::net::Shutdown;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    socket.shutdown(Shutdown::Both).expect("shutdown function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn peek(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_peek)

Receives data on the socket from the remote address to which it is connected, without removing that data from the queue. On success, returns the number of bytes peeked.

Successive calls return the same data. This is accomplished by passing MSG_PEEK as a flag to the underlying recv system call.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_peek)]

use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    let mut buf = [0; 10];
    let len = socket.peek(&mut buf).expect("peek failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn recv_vectored_with_ancillary( &self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>], ancillary: &mut SocketAncillary<'_>, ) -> Result<usize, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data)

Receives data and ancillary data from socket.

On success, returns the number of bytes read.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
use std::os::unix::net::{UnixStream, SocketAncillary, AncillaryData};
use std::io::IoSliceMut;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    let mut buf1 = [1; 8];
    let mut buf2 = [2; 16];
    let mut buf3 = [3; 8];
    let mut bufs = &mut [
        IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf1),
        IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf2),
        IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf3),
    ][..];
    let mut fds = [0; 8];
    let mut ancillary_buffer = [0; 128];
    let mut ancillary = SocketAncillary::new(&mut ancillary_buffer[..]);
    let size = socket.recv_vectored_with_ancillary(bufs, &mut ancillary)?;
    println!("received {size}");
    for ancillary_result in ancillary.messages() {
        if let AncillaryData::ScmRights(scm_rights) = ancillary_result.unwrap() {
            for fd in scm_rights {
                println!("receive file descriptor: {fd}");
            }
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

pub fn send_vectored_with_ancillary( &self, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>], ancillary: &mut SocketAncillary<'_>, ) -> Result<usize, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data)

Sends data and ancillary data on the socket.

On success, returns the number of bytes written.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
use std::os::unix::net::{UnixStream, SocketAncillary};
use std::io::IoSlice;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixStream::connect("/tmp/sock")?;
    let buf1 = [1; 8];
    let buf2 = [2; 16];
    let buf3 = [3; 8];
    let bufs = &[
        IoSlice::new(&buf1),
        IoSlice::new(&buf2),
        IoSlice::new(&buf3),
    ][..];
    let fds = [0, 1, 2];
    let mut ancillary_buffer = [0; 128];
    let mut ancillary = SocketAncillary::new(&mut ancillary_buffer[..]);
    ancillary.add_fds(&fds[..]);
    socket.send_vectored_with_ancillary(bufs, &mut ancillary)
        .expect("send_vectored_with_ancillary function failed");
    Ok(())
}

Trait Implementations

impl AsFd for UnixStream

fn as_fd(&self) -> BorrowedFd<'_>

Borrows the file descriptor.

impl AsRawFd for UnixStream

fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> i32

Extracts the raw file descriptor.

impl Debug for UnixStream

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl From<OwnedFd> for UnixStream

fn from(owned: OwnedFd) -> UnixStream

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<UnixStream> for OwnedFd

fn from(unix_stream: UnixStream) -> OwnedFd

Takes ownership of a UnixStream’s socket file descriptor.

impl From<UnixStream> for UnixStream

fn from(stream: UnixStream) -> UnixStream

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl FromRawFd for UnixStream

unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: i32) -> UnixStream

Constructs a new instance of Self from the given raw file descriptor.

impl IntoRawFd for UnixStream

fn into_raw_fd(self) -> i32

Consumes this object, returning the raw underlying file descriptor.

impl<'a> Read for &'a UnixStream

fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning how many bytes were read.

fn read_buf(&mut self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (read_buf)

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer.

fn read_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Like read, except that it reads into a slice of buffers.

fn is_read_vectored(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (can_vector)

Determines if this Reader has an efficient read_vectored implementation.

fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error>

Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into buf.

fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error>

Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, appending them to buf.

fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill buf.

fn read_buf_exact(&mut self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (read_buf)

Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill cursor.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Creates a “by reference” adaptor for this instance of Read.

fn bytes(self) -> Bytes<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Transforms this Read instance to an Iterator over its bytes.

fn chain<R>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R>

where R: Read, Self: Sized,

Creates an adapter which will chain this stream with another.

fn take(self, limit: u64) -> Take<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an adapter which will read at most limit bytes from it.

impl Read for UnixStream

fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning how many bytes were read.

fn read_buf(&mut self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (read_buf)

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer.

fn read_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Like read, except that it reads into a slice of buffers.

fn is_read_vectored(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (can_vector)

Determines if this Reader has an efficient read_vectored implementation.

fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize, Error>

Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into buf.

fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize, Error>

Reads all bytes until EOF in this source, appending them to buf.

fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill buf.

fn read_buf_exact(&mut self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (read_buf)

Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill cursor.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Creates a “by reference” adaptor for this instance of Read.

fn bytes(self) -> Bytes<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Transforms this Read instance to an Iterator over its bytes.

fn chain<R>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R>

where R: Read, Self: Sized,

Creates an adapter which will chain this stream with another.

fn take(self, limit: u64) -> Take<Self>

where Self: Sized,

Creates an adapter which will read at most limit bytes from it.

impl UnixSocketExt for UnixStream

fn passcred(&self) -> Result<bool, Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data)

Query the current setting of socket option SO_PASSCRED.

fn set_passcred(&self, passcred: bool) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data)

Enable or disable socket option SO_PASSCRED.

impl<'a> Write for &'a UnixStream

fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Writes a buffer into this writer, returning how many bytes were written.

fn write_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Like write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers.

fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (can_vector)

Determines if this Writer has an efficient write_vectored implementation.

fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>

Flushes this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination.

fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer.

fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (write_all_vectored)

Attempts to write multiple buffers into this writer.

fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Creates a “by reference” adapter for this instance of Write.

impl Write for UnixStream

fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Writes a buffer into this writer, returning how many bytes were written.

fn write_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<usize, Error>

Like write, except that it writes from a slice of buffers.

fn is_write_vectored(&self) -> bool

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (can_vector)

Determines if this Writer has an efficient write_vectored implementation.

fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>

Flushes this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination.

fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this writer.

fn write_all_vectored(&mut self, bufs: &mut [IoSlice<'_>]) -> Result<(), Error>

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (write_all_vectored)

Attempts to write multiple buffers into this writer.

fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered.

fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self

where Self: Sized,

Creates a “by reference” adapter for this instance of Write.